The dietary treatments consisted of a control diet based on high-quality fish meal (FM diet) and three experimental diets with C. utilis (CU diet), K. marxianus (KM diet) or S. cerevisiae (SC diet) yeast, substituting 40% of the crude protein
(CP) from FM. There was no difference in final weight or specific growth rate (SGR) of fish fed the CU diet
and the FM diet. The SC diet resulted in lower final weight and SGR, and higher average daily feed intake
(ADFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than the FM diet, and higher ADFI and FCR than the KM and CU
diets. Fish fed the SC diet had decreased retention of nitrogen and energy, while fish fed the CU diet had increased
nitrogen retention compared with those fed the FM diet. In general