This study indicated that farmers are exposed to the dangers of pesticides in the Wei River catchment, especially in S1, a hilly region. Even though some protective measures are taken, the farmers seem to be unaware of the true risks from the use of pesticides. Retailers are well-informed and have a strong understanding of, and sense of responsibility towards, pesticide application. The awareness of the dangers of pesticides to human health and the environment, however, is still limited in these two study areas. The canonical coordination analysis indicated that older and poorly educated people are most at risk. Therefore, measures to reduce pesticides risks can be grouped into three categories:
1.
Those related to applying pesticides (farmers and retailers).
2.
Those related to producing pesticides (factories).
3.
Those related to supervising pesticides (authorities).
According to this survey, the steps for reducing pesticide effects on farmers would be considered. The pressing step, supposedly, is to implement some educational programmes for farmers in non-harvesting time (normally in winter). Understandable activities, such as lectures, pictures, videos and some interesting shows which reflect the pesticide risk on health and environment, can be held based on farmers' age in rural regions. At the same time, many strict procedures on pesticide registration should be concerned and the detail information of pesticides should be labelled especially marking the level of toxicity for human health. The supervisory mechanism and environmental monitoring systems for pesticides should be strengthened and the nation scale survey on safety use of pesticide and its risk on environment and human health should also be evaluated. The large agricultural population in China suggests that all stakeholders, including governmental agencies, producers, retailers, and farmers, should unite to address the risks from the use of pesticides for farmers and the environment.
This study indicated that farmers are exposed to the dangers of pesticides in the Wei River catchment, especially in S1, a hilly region. Even though some protective measures are taken, the farmers seem to be unaware of the true risks from the use of pesticides. Retailers are well-informed and have a strong understanding of, and sense of responsibility towards, pesticide application. The awareness of the dangers of pesticides to human health and the environment, however, is still limited in these two study areas. The canonical coordination analysis indicated that older and poorly educated people are most at risk. Therefore, measures to reduce pesticides risks can be grouped into three categories:
1.
Those related to applying pesticides (farmers and retailers).
2.
Those related to producing pesticides (factories).
3.
Those related to supervising pesticides (authorities).
According to this survey, the steps for reducing pesticide effects on farmers would be considered. The pressing step, supposedly, is to implement some educational programmes for farmers in non-harvesting time (normally in winter). Understandable activities, such as lectures, pictures, videos and some interesting shows which reflect the pesticide risk on health and environment, can be held based on farmers' age in rural regions. At the same time, many strict procedures on pesticide registration should be concerned and the detail information of pesticides should be labelled especially marking the level of toxicity for human health. The supervisory mechanism and environmental monitoring systems for pesticides should be strengthened and the nation scale survey on safety use of pesticide and its risk on environment and human health should also be evaluated. The large agricultural population in China suggests that all stakeholders, including governmental agencies, producers, retailers, and farmers, should unite to address the risks from the use of pesticides for farmers and the environment.
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