Although gliosis was not evident on the Holzer and phosphotungstic-acid-hematoxylin methods for glia available to us at the time of the report, recent reexamination of this case with immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) demonstrated reactive gliosis even in cerebral white matter areas where myelin loss was undetectable. Because cerebral and cerebellar neurons were intact and axons were preserved in areas of myelin pallor, toluene was hypothesized to be a pure myelin toxin (41).