The evolution of treatment for OPSCCA is the product of the concerted efforts of multidisciplinary research and treatment teams. The advent of transoral tumor surgery, TLM or TORS, has changed the landscape of conventional surgery for oropharyngeal tumors. There is great contro- versy regarding patient selection for this procedure. Past studies examining the use of TORS for patients with advanced oropharyngeal carcinomas excluded patients with stage IVb disease, who are often included in trials of CRT, and others have observed that some TORS studies have more patients with less extensive disease, citing a selection bias for individuals with more easily treatable tumors. These criticisms led to the suggestion that TORS is not yet ready for recommendation for all patients with advanced oropha- ryngeal carcinoma.58,78 Additionally, White et al,79 in the first multiyear prospective study, found that although operative time, total intubation time, and mean hospital stay decreased significantly with increasing surgeon experience, there were no differences in positive margin status, tracheotomies, and feeding tube incidence. Nonetheless, TORS is an innovative new technology that has a role in the treatment of OPSCCA. The exact role will be better defined as additional studies are reported and the results of the prospective trials come to maturity.