The Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) requires that States set aside 2 percent of the apportionments they receive from four of the core Federal-aid programs for State planning and research activities. Of this amount, States must allocate 25 percent for research, development, and technology. These activities involve researching new areas of knowledge; adapting findings to practical applications by developing new technologies; and transferring these technologies, including the process of dissemination, demonstration, training, and adoption of innovations by users.