Similarly, Ball and Hill (2009)
characterize the measurement of teacher practice, in general, as
under-developed. Further, the measurement of teacher practice in
STEM education specifically is an area that is relatively new, and as
a result, associated with few measurement tools that work across
the STEM disciplines. Pianta and Hamre (2009) emphasize the need
for better teacher practice measurement instruments, ‘‘. . .we need
more evidence on why and how classrooms, and teachers, matter;
the need for evidence is not trivial. . .’’ (p. 110).