Priming is a technique used to improve seedling establishment of direct-seeded crops such as onion and carrot, resulting in a quick and
uniform emergence. This work investigated the application of four selected beneficial microorganisms (Pseudomonas chlororaphis
MA342,Pseudomonas fluorescensCHA0,Clonostachys roseaIK726d11 andTrichoderma harzianumT22) to onion and carrot seed during drum priming, and their subsequent survival and establishment in the rhizosphere once the seed was planted. Different application
rates of fungi (7 log10cfu g
1
dry seed) and bacteria (6 log10cfu g
1
dry seed) were required on onion to achieve the end target of 5 log10
cfu g
1
dry seed, whereas a lower rate (5 log10cfu g
1
dry seed for both bacteria and fungi) was successful on carrot.