chester barnard followed mary parker follett s major themes with a far more com prehensive theory in the functions of the executive. barnard a bell system executive who was closely associated with the harvard business school and those faculty who were invloved with the hawthorne studies saw organizations as cooperative systems where the function of the executive was to maintain the dynamic equilibrium between the organization and the needs of its employees. in order to do this mangement had to be aware of the interdepende3nt nature of the formal and informal organizations .