The HDL cholesterol levels in VCO-treated animals were
found to be higher compared to the other group, an
indication of a beneficiary effect of the oil. The protective
effect of HDL is most widely attributed to its key role in
mediating the reverse cholesterol transport from the peripheral
tissues to the liver for reutilization [29]. Saturated fatty
acids increase the HDL cholesterol concentration, which has
been associated with increased Lecithin cholesterol acyl
transferase (LCAT) [30]. HDL particles also enhance the
inhibition of LDL oxidation, prevention of monocyte adhesion,
inhibition of endothelial dysfunction, and apoptosis
[31].