Each of the recycling workers carried an IOM inhalable fraction sampler (occasion 1: n = 53; repeated on occasion 2: n = 24) that in most cases was combined with an OFC sampler (occasion 1: n = 45; occasion 2: n = 20). We attached the samplers on the chest within the breathing zone and connected each to a portable pump (low-volume, 600 g, carried on the back of the worker), either an AirCheck 2000 or AirCheck XR 5000 (SKC Inc, PA, USA), and an APEX Casella (Casella CEL, Bedford, UK). The office-based workers did not carry personal air sampling devices because they spent most of the working day in meetings and the noise of the pumps was expected to interfere with their work. Instead, we used static sampling of the office areas using tripod racks as surrogate torsos, onto which we attached the sampling devices. We placed the racks centrally in office spaces. Since the office-based workers spent most of the time in this area, the collected samples can act as indicators of personal exposure.