The standardized Shannon-Weaver provided a constrained index between zero and one with the
highest value indicating maximum abundance [44,45]. Multivariate statistical analyses of characterization
data were conducted using principal component (PCA) and cluster (CA) analyses. PCA was employed
to identify the different morphological characters that contributed to the most variance in the measured
variables. In PCA, the raw data were standardized and the distance matrix using the variance-covariance
coefficients was computed. The Proportion of Variance criterion was used to identify the different
principal components that contributed to the total variance in the dataset [23]. PCA and CA were done
using NTSYSpc version 2.1 software [46]. The distance matrix was generated using the Euclidean
Distance Coefficients and was used as input for clustering using the unweighted pair group of
arithmetic means (UPGMA) metho