The selection of participants was performed paying
attention to having participants of different ages and
working in different wards (e.g. psychiatry, surgical,
neurology, gerontology and orthopaedics). The number
of staff working under the nurse managers ranged from
7 to 49. The researcher had contact persons who asked
the nurse managers whether they agreed to take part in
the study. If they agreed, interview time and setting
were arranged.