- Putting a price on carbon emissions from air transport, thereby removing the perverse non-taxation incentive attached to conventional get fuel. An open ETS or offset scheme would seem to be the preferred vehicle. As a hybrid approach, an ETS requires directive-based regulation to ensure environmental effectiveness and global compliance.
- Scaling up biofuels through land grants and agricultural subsidies towards biofuel feedstock production, and forward purchasing and production agreement that pool the demand for drop-in aviation biofuels, inter alia through military fuel procurement.