In the TOEIC reading classes, student discussions from groups C and D revealed that nonnative professors employed different teaching techniques from those of native English
speaking professors. Both groups relayed that the majority of their classes were taught in the L1. This included explanations of grammar and vocabulary as well as translation of large portions of the text. The students also relayed that test-taking strategies were taught each week. The students stated that the only time English was used in the classroom was in reading the passages, or when professors corrected student pronunciation while reading.