The global population is expected to increase to 9.1 billion in 2050. The major challenge is to ensure water and food availability to growing population considering increasing impact of environmental issues such as climate change, pollution, mismanagement and over use of natural resources. There is no secret about global warming, extreme climatic conditions, sea level rise and ocean acidification, however, there is a great uncertainty about the potential impact of climate change on ecosystems.It can be assumed undoubtedly that agro-ecosystems, where many developing countries depend on
will have major impacts due to their close interactions with land, climate and water. The effective management of these ecosystems, particularly water and land is essential for sustainable use of resources.