Although nutrient deprivation can increase the lipid content of
microalgae, it reduced the growth of the microalgae more or less,
which is not desirable in the lipid production. To solve this problem,
a two-phase culturing strategy is required: (1) culturing microalgae
cells under optimized nutritional conditions to obtain large
amount of biomass and (2) subjecting the organisms to stress conditions
to induce TAG accumulation (San Pedro et al., 2013; Schenk
et al., 2008).