PlGF, originally discovered in the human placenta, is a VEGF
homolog. In contrast to VEGF which can bind to both VEGFR-1 and
VEGFR-2, PlGF binds exclusively to VEGFR-1 [25].
Although PlGF mediates physiological events during angiogenesis,
inflammation and endochondral ossification, it appears to be redundant
during development. Indeed, PlGF deficient mice are viable and showno
organ abnormalities. In contrast, PlGF is nonredundant during several
pathological conditions including ischemia, tumor growth or colitis.
Several stimuli are known to induce the expression of PlGF and its
receptor in disease conditions, ranging from hypoxia, growth factors,
and hormones to oncogenes.
In accordance with this concept, VEGFR-1 and PlGF expression is
increased during fracture healing [23,26] and Plgf inactivation in mice
resulted in reduced fracture healing because of a decrease in the inflammatory
response, osteogenic differentiation and callus remodeling [26].
PlGF, originally discovered in the human placenta, is a VEGFhomolog. In contrast to VEGF which can bind to both VEGFR-1 andVEGFR-2, PlGF binds exclusively to VEGFR-1 [25].Although PlGF mediates physiological events during angiogenesis,inflammation and endochondral ossification, it appears to be redundantduring development. Indeed, PlGF deficient mice are viable and shownoorgan abnormalities. In contrast, PlGF is nonredundant during severalpathological conditions including ischemia, tumor growth or colitis.Several stimuli are known to induce the expression of PlGF and itsreceptor in disease conditions, ranging from hypoxia, growth factors,and hormones to oncogenes.In accordance with this concept, VEGFR-1 and PlGF expression isincreased during fracture healing [23,26] and Plgf inactivation in miceresulted in reduced fracture healing because of a decrease in the inflammatoryresponse, osteogenic differentiation and callus remodeling [26].
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