There are four common stages in tissue culture. Stage I is also called in vitro propagation and establishes the initial aseptic culture of the plant. It can be done by taking small sections of growing tips of adult plants, cutting away differentiated leaves from the meristem, and washing the tip with a disinfectant. The disinfectant cleans any microorganisms from the surface of the plant. Stage ll is where plant
tissues and organs begin to proliferate and increase in number. Stage lll is characterized by rooting the shoot cuttings order to prepare them for the eventual transfer to soil. In this stage, plants are hardened off. This means that they are gradually accustomed to the environment they will encounter once they are transferred to the soil. Stage IV is when the plants are transferred into the soil.