cronyms iii
Executive summary iv
1. Introduction 1
Structure of the Report 1
2. Deep-sea fisheries 2
Seamount fisheries 2
Management 4
3. International trade in Orange Roughy 7
Biology 7
Orange Roughy fisheries 8
Management 9
Ecological effects of fishing 14
International trade analysis 17
4. Orange Roughy fishery case studies 21
CASE STUDY 1: Chatham Rise, New Zealand 21
The fishery 21
Stock status 22
Management 23
CASE STUDY 2: St Helen’s Hill, Australia 25
The fishery 25
Stock status 26
Management 28
CASE STUDY 3: North-east Atlantic Fisheries 31
The fisheries 31
Stock status 32
Management 33
CASE STUDY 4: Madagascar Ridge 37
The fishery 37
Stock status 39
Management 40
5. Analysis of Orange Roughy management 41
What has caused management failure? 42
Understanding of the biological characteristics 42
Adequacy of stock assessment models 43
The precautionary approach 43
Failure to address excess global fishing capacity 46
Management methods 46
Political will 46
Management regimes for discrete high seas and straddling stocks 47
Monitoring, control and surveillance measures 47
Summary