Regrowth or secondary forests, relatively
young forests that have regenerated after major disturbances, such
as extensive cutting or wildfire (Helms, 1998), also can be highly
variable with the same structural features found in old-growth to
different degrees (Table 1). Evidence suggests that the occurrence
of many, but not all, species typically found in old-growth is linked
to specific structural attributes and not to old-growth as such (e.g.
Siitonen and Martikainen, 1994; Gibbons and Lindenmayer, 1996;
Lonsdale et al., 2008).