preference (Bhattacharya et al., 2010). However, the fruit composition changes with ripening stage (Vera-Guzman et al., 2011),
environmental conditions, cultivated varieties, and the crop management(Medina-Lara et al., 2008;Monforte-Gonzaléz et al., 2010).
From an economic point of view, chilli yield is often low and
variable. Virus diseases are an important factor contributing to low
yields and reduced fruit quality (Alonso et al., 1989; Fujisawa et al.,
1986). The occurrence of chilli leaf curl disease caused by white
fly (Bemisia tabaci Gen.) transmitted (WFT) gemnivirus, namely,
pepper leaf curl virus (PepLCV) has been reported from India (Raj
et al., 2005; Kumar et al., 2006), United States (Stenger et al.,
1990), Nigeria (Alegbejo, 1999) and several other countries such
as Pakistan, Bangladesh and Indonesia (Fauquet and Stanley, 2003).
One hundred per centlosses ofmarketable fruit have been reported
(Marte and Wetter, 1986; Kumar et al., 2006), and in some areas
infection with viruses has rendered the growing of chilli uneconomical, causing whole fields to be abandoned prior to harvest
(Greenleaf, 1986). Furthermore, different viruses may cause similar symptoms, and insect damage, particularly by thrips and yellow
mites,maymimic virus symptoms. The satisfactory control ofthrips
and mites and partial control of viral disease may be achieved with
the application of certain pesticides but complete and environmental safer protection from the virus through host plant resistance is
more preferred and effective option. Genetic analysis of this disease indicated that susceptibility to leaf curl virus was dominant
and resistance controlled by monogenic recessive genes (Rai et al.,
2014).
Extensive use of local landraces or non-selfed seeds of improved
varieties, and tremendous biotic stresses have resulted in drastic
reduction in optimum productivity of both fresh and dry chillies
in India over the last couple of years (Chattopadhyay et al., 2011).
Moreover, most of the hybrids evaluated at our national trials are
less pungent and prone to attack of leaf curl disease which hinders the greater acceptability among the growers and consumers
particularly in eastern part of India. Therefore, much concentrated
efforts are necessary to improve its yield, quality and host plant
resistance against viral diseases. The proper choice of parents is a
prerequisite in any sound breeding programme. Genetic diversity
aswell as the combining ability is considered as themostimportant
criteria for the selection of parents in the production of a hybrid.
Such studies also simultaneously illustrate the nature and magnitude of gene action involved in the expression of desirable traits.
Estimates of combining ability parameters place heterosis breeding
on a further scientific footing. Chilli offers much scope of improvement in respect of yield and other quality traits through heterosis
breeding (Singh et al., 2012; Chaudhary et al., 2013) which can further be utilized for the development of desirable recombinants.
Diallel (Griffing, 1956) is one such analysis which is a useful tool
for preliminary evaluation of genetic stock for use in hybridization programme with a view to identify good general- as well as
specific-combiners.
Therefore, the main objective of the present investigation was
to assess the extent of heterosis in desired direction and to estimate the dominance reaction for yield and its components, quality
parameters and leaf curl disease severity, and to determine the
nature of gene action for yield and other important attributes with
a view to identify good combiners, as well as to frame the breeding
strategy for the genetic improvement of such characters
1. บทนำ
พริก (Capsicum annuum L. ) เป็นหนึ่งของสถาบันการเงินได้โดดเด่นและ
สายพันธุ์ที่ปลูก themost สนั่นเศรษฐกิจและโภชนาการมุมมองทั่วโลก (Djian-Caporalino et al., 2006) จีน, เม็กซิโก,
ตุรกี, อินโดนีเซียและสเปน Fi บน ve ผลิตพริกสด
ในขณะที่อินเดีย, จีน, ปากีสถาน, ไทยและเปรูมีขนาดใหญ่ที่สุดแห้ง
ผลิตพริกในโลกวันนี้ (ไม่ประสงค์ออกนาม 2011) พริกเป็น
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