Each of the effects listed above in Section 5.1 has been shown empirically to provide strong benefits to learners when used appropriately. In each case the benefits include all of the following:
.....reduced training time
.....enhanced performance* on test problems (similar to those seen during training)
.....enhanced performance* on transfer problems (those which are dissimilar to problems seen during training but requiring the same rules for solution).
Note :
Enhanced performance* means both shorter times to complete problems, and fewer errors.
The fact that students spend less time learning, yet return superior performances when tested, is a powerful finding that has considerable implications for education and training.
Of special importance is the increased performance on transfer problems. This shows that the learning which results from each of these effects is at a level of true understanding that enables students to solve a wider range of problems than those students taught using "conventional" instructional materials.