Despite the use of appropriate antiviral agents,
cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation or infection limits
the success of allogenenic stem cell transplantation
(alloSCT) or organ transplantation. Reactivation of
CMV augments acute graft-versus-host disease
(GVHD) and is associated with organ rejection. Treatment
of GVHD with immunosuppressive agents enhances
the vicious cycle of further CMV reactivation.
Most of the well-established strategies are not completely
effective in preventing or treating CMV infections
after transplantation, and vaccine strategies
against CMV infection have failed in immunocompromised
hosts and after alloSCT