The frequency response, obtained from the bioimpedance studies on a particular tissue sample or body part,
provides the equivalent circuit model of that sample and hence the model represents the equivalent electrical circuit
of the combination of all the individual cell circuits. The bioelectrical impedance of a plan cell helps us to analyze
the tissue impedance measured in a lumped from. As the cell materials show their own electrical properties, the
equivalent circuit modelling is introduced and studied to analyze the electrical response of the plant cells and tissues.
A plant cell, surrounded by extracellular fluids, can be modeled with its equivalent circuit elements connected in
particular fashion representing their electrical responses to the alternating electric signal. The ICF in biological
tissues is modeled as a lumped resistive element [71] (including the vacuole resistance and neglecting tonoplast
capacitance) called intracellular fluid resistance (RICF) because the ICF offers a resistive path to the alternating
electric signal (Fig. 1b-1c). On the contrary, as the cell membrane (CM) in biological cells consists of a proteinlipid-
protein structure it provides a cell capacitance [71], called the cell membrane capacitance (CCM). The ECF is
made up of conducting medium which exhibit a resistive path (RECF) [71] towards the alternating electric signal (Fig.
1b-1c) and therefore ECFs are also represented with a lumped resistive element [71] called extracellular fluid
resistance (RECF). In the plant cells the membrane covered protoplasm (cytoplasm + nucleus) is surrounded by a
comparatively strong and rigid envelop called cell wall which is also conducts a part of alternating current and hence
provide a cell wall resistance (RCW = Z1). As the cell walls are the envelops surrounding the membrane covered
protoplasm, the RCW is modeled as a parallel resistance connected to the equivalent impedance of cell membrane and
the protoplasm (ZPPCM = Z3) as shown in Fig. 1b-1c. As the cells are surrounded by the extracellular fluids, the
extracellular fluids in plant cells also provide a resistive path (Fig. 1b-1c) to the electrical signal. Hence, in the plant
cell modeling, the extracellular fluids are represented as an another resistance called extracellular fluid resistance
(RECF = Z2) which is considered as the parallel resistance connected with the cell impedance (ZCell = Z2||Z3).