internal conflicts, terrorism, and insurgency
Internal conflicts, terrorism, and insurgency in ASEAN countries have been cited as plausible factors that could deter regional integration. The survey reveals that 85% of Malaysians, 85% of Singaporean respondents, and 61% of Indonesians ranked the issue at number eight on the list of 10 possible obstacles to establishing an ASEAN Community (see Table 2). Further, the Kruskal-Wallis and MannWhitney U Tests confirmed that there were significantly more respondents in Singapore and Malaysia who considered the issue to be an obstacle than in Indonesia.