Abstract
Subterranean termites and pesticides used to control them cause significant losses in the urban environment. Because of this the present work was elaborated; whose the objective was to evaluate the dichloromethane and methanol extracts effects of three species of the Meliaceae family, Azadirachta indica (A. JUSS), Melia azedarach (L.) and Carapa guianenses (AUBL.) on Coptotermes gestroi (WASMANN). For this purpose two experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions. The first one evaluated the survival of the insects front the excellent conditions (presence of humidity and food) and adverse (absence of humidity or food, or the both elements). The humidity demonstrated to be the limitant factor, by significant reduction of insects survival (P < 0,05), followed by the food lack. The second experiment evaluated the effect of organic extracts of three plants on C. gestroi. The experiment had six treatments, most controls: dichloromethane, methanol and water, with 10 repetitions each. The extracts that had more affected on the insects survival time was A. indica. AIDic (A. indica dichloro extract) reduced in 17 days the survival time, with 70% superior mortality from the seventh day, AIMet (A. indica methanolic extract) presented similar result. The dichloromethane extract of M. azedarach (MADic) also reduced significantly the insects survival (P < 0,05). A residual effect of the solvent extractor, mainly of methanol was observed clearly.
AbstractSubterranean termites and pesticides used to control them cause significant losses in the urban environment. Because of this the present work was elaborated; whose the objective was to evaluate the dichloromethane and methanol extracts effects of three species of the Meliaceae family, Azadirachta indica (A. JUSS), Melia azedarach (L.) and Carapa guianenses (AUBL.) on Coptotermes gestroi (WASMANN). For this purpose two experiments were carried out under laboratory conditions. The first one evaluated the survival of the insects front the excellent conditions (presence of humidity and food) and adverse (absence of humidity or food, or the both elements). The humidity demonstrated to be the limitant factor, by significant reduction of insects survival (P < 0,05), followed by the food lack. The second experiment evaluated the effect of organic extracts of three plants on C. gestroi. The experiment had six treatments, most controls: dichloromethane, methanol and water, with 10 repetitions each. The extracts that had more affected on the insects survival time was A. indica. AIDic (A. indica dichloro extract) reduced in 17 days the survival time, with 70% superior mortality from the seventh day, AIMet (A. indica methanolic extract) presented similar result. The dichloromethane extract of M. azedarach (MADic) also reduced significantly the insects survival (P < 0,05). A residual effect of the solvent extractor, mainly of methanol was observed clearly.
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