Fear experienced during the earthquake. A 6-question scale was created, with questions that assessed the fear experienced during the earthquake (e.g., Did you think your life was in danger?), with dichotomous answers: 1= yes, 0 = no. The total score was computed by adding the 6 items together. Possible scores range from 0 to 6 points; the higher the score, the more intense the fear during the earthquake (α=.77).