We find that fraud risk factors are positively correlated with fraud risk assessments, and we find some evidence that brainstorming quality moderates these relations. More importantly, we find that when brains terming quality is perceived to be higher, risk assessments are more positively related to the nature, staffing, timing, and extent of audit procedures. Achieving a high level of brainstorming quality appears to improve the audit team’s consideration of fraud by cultivating a broader set of responses to identified fraud risks. However, we also observe that under-auditing can occur when brainstorming quality is low.