total shareholder return (TSR) The increase in the share price over a period, plus the dividends paid for the period, divided by the initial share . price for the period.
Unfortunately, 'shareholder value’ is not such a simple concept as it seems. One issue is: which of the measures of 'shareholder return’ should be used? While TSR is accepted as the best estimate, accounting return on equity (ROE) can also be used ... but they give different results, especially in the short term. Also, TSR is extremely volatile on an annual basis, both in an absolute sense and in a market-relative sense. Which version of ROE should we use—before or after tax, or before or after unusual items? This is not helpful for companies and analysts seeking measures that are consistent.
FIGURE 5.3