Abbreviations
DOD depth of discharge
LCC life-cycle cost
LCCA life cycle cost analysis
LCRES levelized costs for renewable energy storage system
PHS pumped hydro storage
PV photovoltaic
SOC state of charge
Symbols
q water density
a portion of energy that from turbine to load
gp overall efficiency of pump
gp overall efficiency of turbine
garray-motor array mismatch factor
gmotor-pump motor/pump efficiency
gpipe pipe line efficiency
gBI overall efficiency of battery and inverter
Subscripts
Eload daily energy consumption
Ec total energy consumption or energy storage capacity
e overall loss factor and allowance for PV array