Alma-Ata provided a new sense of direction for health policy, applicable to developing countries and in a different way to the developed countries. During the 1980s, the “Health for All” concept influenced national health policies in the developing countries with signs of progress in immunization coverage, for example, but the initiative was diluted as an unintended consequence by more categorical programs such as eradication of poliomyelitis. For example, developing countries have accepted immunization and diarrhoea disease control as high-priority issues and achieved remarkable success in raising immunization coverage from some 10 percent to over 75 percent in just a decade. Developed countries addressed these principles in different ways. In these countries, the concept of primary health care led directly to important conceptual developments in health. National health targets and guidelines are now common in many countries and are integral parts of national health planning. Reforms of the British National Health Service that pay increases for family physicians and encourage group practice with public health nursing support—have become widespread in the United Kingdom. Progressive health maintenance organizations, such as Kaiser Permanents in the United States and district health systems in Canada, have emphasized integrated approaches to health care for registered or geographically defined populations. This systematic approach to individual and community health is part of the New Public Health.