THM (CHCl3, CHBrCl2, CHBr2Cl and CHBr3) concentrations were measured by a headspace gas chromatography (GC) method.
The samples used for GC analysis were transferred to gas-tight bottles and analyzed using a 2014C-GC-ECD (Shimadzu, Japan).
The oper- ating conditions were as follows: detector temperature and injec- tor temperature 200 °C; oven temperature 50 °C; carrier gas was high purity nitrogen at a rate of 3 mL/min.
To measure the ratios of the different THM components, we used GC–MS. Prior to GC–MS determination, a 30 mL sample was extracted using 10 mL ethyl acetate three times and then the organic phase was dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulfate.
The scanned mass range was 20–500 m/z.
To measure the Fe content of the NZVI/AC, the samples were digested in a mixture of nitric acid, H2O2 and HF (6:2:1 v/v/v) for 2 h and then heated on an electric hot plate.
The resulting solid was dissolved in nitric acid and quantitatively transferred into a calibrated flask, where it was diluted to volume with deionized water.
Finally, the total iron content of the particles was deter- mined from inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spec- trometry (ICP-AES, Iris Intrepid IIXSP, US) at a wavelength of 238.2 nm.
All analytical experiments were repeated twice and the average values are reported.
THM (CHCl3, CHBrCl2, CHBr2Cl and CHBr3) concentrations were measured by a headspace gas chromatography (GC) method.
The samples used for GC analysis were transferred to gas-tight bottles and analyzed using a 2014C-GC-ECD (Shimadzu, Japan).
The oper- ating conditions were as follows: detector temperature and injec- tor temperature 200 °C; oven temperature 50 °C; carrier gas was high purity nitrogen at a rate of 3 mL/min.
To measure the ratios of the different THM components, we used GC–MS. Prior to GC–MS determination, a 30 mL sample was extracted using 10 mL ethyl acetate three times and then the organic phase was dehydrated with anhydrous sodium sulfate.
The scanned mass range was 20–500 m/z.
To measure the Fe content of the NZVI/AC, the samples were digested in a mixture of nitric acid, H2O2 and HF (6:2:1 v/v/v) for 2 h and then heated on an electric hot plate.
The resulting solid was dissolved in nitric acid and quantitatively transferred into a calibrated flask, where it was diluted to volume with deionized water.
Finally, the total iron content of the particles was deter- mined from inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spec- trometry (ICP-AES, Iris Intrepid IIXSP, US) at a wavelength of 238.2 nm.
All analytical experiments were repeated twice and the average values are reported.
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