The study findings suggest that computer games, compared with paper-and-pencil drills,
are significantly more effective in promoting learning motivation but not significantly
different in facilitating cognitive math test performance and metacognitive awareness.
Additionally, this study establishes that alternative classroom goal structures mediate the
effects of computer games on mathematical learning outcomes. Cooperative goal structure,
as opposed to the other two structures, significantly enhances the effects of computer
games on learning motivation. Whereas individualistic goal structure seems to enhance the
cognitive learning effects of computer games more than the others, although this advantage
is not statistically significant.