Forms of Decentralisation
How do governments distribute the power?
Three Types of Government
Unitary State
Federal Stare
Confederate State
Unitary state
The central government has all its power make decision as well as to initiate laws for the people within the state.
Form of Unitary state
Concept of Unitary State
Only a main government control other states or provinces.
Power is not shared to any other states or provinces.
Federal State
Power to make laws and decision are shared between central government and states.
Form of Federate State
Concept of Federal State
Power is shared by central government and states
Confederate State
Union of sovereign states or united for purposes of common action which is often in relation to other states
Individual state has its own authority to make laws
The state becomes a decision maker of its own
Form of Confederate state
Concept of Confederate State
Each state makes it own laws and the central government only concerns about national defense and trade.
European Union (EU)
Sovereignty of the state
Thailand’s National Administration
Decentralisation
Definition of Decentralisation
The dispersion or distribution of functions and powers; from a central authority to its regional and local authorities
(Source: http://www.merriam-webster.com)
Decentralisation
A term to explain an approach when responsibilities transferred from national or central government to the local or community level.
Local government has more authority to work on its own.
Local government plays more important role in national administrative system.
Local government has more opportunity to participate in national administration.
To make decentralisation a success, the central government (centralisation) must generate an adequate opportunity and role for its local government so that staff can make decisions and participate well.
The three major forms of Administrative Decentralisation
Even though centralisation is viewed as an important system that is more effective in the short run in arrange resources and rapidly put the policy into action, decentralisation also plays an important role. (Both are important to national administration)
Methods for distributing power away from the centre
Deconcentration
Deconcentration is often considered to be the weakest form of decentralisation.
It is generally used most frequently in unitary states