1. Each Contracting Party grants to the other Contracting Parties the following rights for the conduct of international air freight services by the designated airlines of the other Contracting Parties:
a. the right to fly across its territory without landing;
b. the right to make stops in its territory for non-traffic purposes; and
c. the rights otherwise specified in this Agreement, including those rights stated in the Implementing Protocols 1 and 2 of this Agreement.