A 60-year-old male is diag- nosed with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. He was seen by his local urologist after two episodes of hematuria. Patient denied dysuria, urgency, or fre- quency. He had no recent weight loss, shortness of breath, or symptoms of bone pain. He underwent a cystoscopy and bladder biopsy that revealed muscle-invasive bladder cancer. He was referred to the academic medical center for further evalua- tion and treatment.
Past history included tobac- co use of three packs/day for 45 years; however, the patient stopped smoking 1 year ago after a severe upper respiratory infec- tion. He works full time as an independent painting contractor. No other health problems were reported. He is married and has two adult sons; the sons are not employed in his business. The complete blood count and com- plete metabolic count, especially the BUN and creatinine, were within normal limits for age. The chest x-ray and CT scans of the abdomen and pelvis were also normal. The consulting urologist
discussed options for continent diversion, and explained that his chances for long-term, disease- free recovery were excellent. He was referred to the urologic nurse for additional teaching
In the first meeting with the urologic nurse, the patient was very agitated and anxious, announcing he did not have time for this teaching session and could not plan any surgery at this time due to the constraints of his business. His immediate con- cerns centered on his ability to pay his bills, support his family, and maintain his business. Compounding these concerns were fear, anxiety, grief, and knowledge deficit regarding the cancer diagnosis and the need to undergo surgery to remove his bladder. His wife was present, and equally anxious and tearful.
Once the patient’s concerns were validated and discussed, potential community resources to help them through this diffi- cult time were identified. These included hiring associates who could work as subcontractors, identifying his wife as temporary bookkeeper, and involving the social worker to mobilize the other available community re- sources. The initial teaching ses- sion was concluded with mini- mal information being given to the patient about the surgery, but the steps taken to help him plan for his surgery contributed to a significant change in his behav- ior and willingness to consider future options. Flexibility in addressing the patient’s primary concerns rather than implement- ing the planned teaching session fostered the therapeutic nurse- patient relationship. An evening appointment was made for the next teaching session, so as to not interfere with his painting busi- ness. He was given written mate- rial to review at home prior to the next session.
At the second session, readi- ness to learn was assessed. First, the patient was asked to explain
what he understood about the proposed surgery. He was asked if he read the material given to him at the last teaching session. He was given the opportunity to ask questions, which were then used to direct the teaching ses- sion. Body language, eye contact, and focused attention span all indicated the patient was express- ing his willingness to learn. Based upon the patient’s description of the surgery, information about anatomical changes, pre and post- operative care, and expected recovery time were discussed. Visual aids used to enhance the teaching session included an anatomical model of the bladder, prostate, and seminal vesicles. A pictorial drawing of the bowel and remodeled bladder helped the patient to understand the construction of the new bladder. The final visual aid was a repre- sentative picture of his body with the incision marked and the sites of the various drainage tubes. The written material given to him was a review of the verbal discussion regarding the pre and postoperative care. Adequate time was allowed for the patient and his wife to ask questions. As the session concluded, the uro- logic nurse provided the patient with information about the upcoming monthly support group meeting. The patient was encouraged to attend these meet- ings prior to his surgery. These meetings offer an opportunity for patients to share their experi- ences, and to support and encourage others beginning this journey. According to Peplau, developing a new sense of com- munity and comfort in a chang- ing environment, such as partici- pating in support groups, is criti- cal to maintain a positive self- image and a return to optimal health (Peplau, 1992).
ชายอายุ 60 ปีเป็น diag-จมูกโรคมะเร็งกระเพาะปัสสาวะกล้ามเนื้อรุกราน เขาได้เห็น โดย urologist ของเขาภายหลังตอนสองของ hematuria ผู้ป่วยปฏิเสธ dysuria เร่งด่วน หรือฟรี-quency เขาไม่ล่าน้ำหนัก หายใจไม่ออกหายใจ หรืออาการปวดกระดูก เขาเปลี่ยนเป็นชนิดและกระเพาะปัสสาวะตรวจชิ้นเนื้อที่เปิดเผยมะเร็งกระเพาะปัสสาวะกล้ามเนื้อรุกราน เขาถูกเรียกว่าศูนย์แพทย์ศึกษาเพิ่มเติม evalua-สเตรชันและการรักษาประวัติที่ผ่านมารวม tobac co ใช้วันละ 3 ชุดปี 45 อย่างไรก็ตาม ผู้ป่วยหยุดสูบบุหรี่ได้ 1 ปีหลังจากรุนแรงบนหายใจ infec-สเตรชัน เขาทำงานเต็มเวลาเป็นผู้รับเหมาการวาดภาพอิสระ มีรายงานไม่มีปัญหาสุขภาพอื่น ๆ เขาจะแต่งงาน และมีบุตรผู้ใหญ่สอง บุตรไม่ได้รับการว่าจ้างในธุรกิจของเขา สมบูรณ์ของเลือดและ com plete เผาผลาญนับ โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่ง BUN และ creatinine ได้ภายในวงเงินปกติสำหรับอายุ การเอกซเรย์หน้าอกและ CT สแกนของช่องท้อง และเชิงกรานก็ยังปกติ Urologist ปรึกษาอธิบายตัวเลือกสำหรับผัน continent และอธิบายว่า โอกาสของเขาในระยะยาว โรค - ฟรีกู้คืนได้ดีขึ้น เขาถูกเรียกว่าการพยาบาล urologic การสอนเพิ่มเติมIn the first meeting with the urologic nurse, the patient was very agitated and anxious, announcing he did not have time for this teaching session and could not plan any surgery at this time due to the constraints of his business. His immediate con- cerns centered on his ability to pay his bills, support his family, and maintain his business. Compounding these concerns were fear, anxiety, grief, and knowledge deficit regarding the cancer diagnosis and the need to undergo surgery to remove his bladder. His wife was present, and equally anxious and tearful.Once the patient’s concerns were validated and discussed, potential community resources to help them through this diffi- cult time were identified. These included hiring associates who could work as subcontractors, identifying his wife as temporary bookkeeper, and involving the social worker to mobilize the other available community re- sources. The initial teaching ses- sion was concluded with mini- mal information being given to the patient about the surgery, but the steps taken to help him plan for his surgery contributed to a significant change in his behav- ior and willingness to consider future options. Flexibility in addressing the patient’s primary concerns rather than implement- ing the planned teaching session fostered the therapeutic nurse- patient relationship. An evening appointment was made for the next teaching session, so as to not interfere with his painting busi- ness. He was given written mate- rial to review at home prior to the next session.At the second session, readi- ness to learn was assessed. First, the patient was asked to explainwhat he understood about the proposed surgery. He was asked if he read the material given to him at the last teaching session. He was given the opportunity to ask questions, which were then used to direct the teaching ses- sion. Body language, eye contact, and focused attention span all indicated the patient was express- ing his willingness to learn. Based upon the patient’s description of the surgery, information about anatomical changes, pre and post- operative care, and expected recovery time were discussed. Visual aids used to enhance the teaching session included an anatomical model of the bladder, prostate, and seminal vesicles. A pictorial drawing of the bowel and remodeled bladder helped the patient to understand the construction of the new bladder. The final visual aid was a repre- sentative picture of his body with the incision marked and the sites of the various drainage tubes. The written material given to him was a review of the verbal discussion regarding the pre and postoperative care. Adequate time was allowed for the patient and his wife to ask questions. As the session concluded, the uro- logic nurse provided the patient with information about the upcoming monthly support group meeting. The patient was encouraged to attend these meet- ings prior to his surgery. These meetings offer an opportunity for patients to share their experi- ences, and to support and encourage others beginning this journey. According to Peplau, developing a new sense of com- munity and comfort in a chang- ing environment, such as partici- pating in support groups, is criti- cal to maintain a positive self- image and a return to optimal health (Peplau, 1992).
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