On the other hand, the self-assessments of general clinical
skills were invalid as measured by the correlation coefficient.
Furthermore, positive values for the bias index
indicate that the students on average tended to rate
themselves higher than the simulated patients. These findings
are consistent with a recent study using multi professional
(360) performance assessments of general surgery
residents who overestimated their own competence in
interpersonal skills, communication, teamwork, and professionalism
[18].