Data were collected at 3 points: 34 to 36 weeks' gestation, 24 hours after birth and 2 months after birth. Data were collected during structured interviews and by examination of medical records. Primary outcomes included low birthweight, preterm birth, Intrauterine growth restriction and perinatal death. Secondary outcomes were urinary tract infection, vaginal infection, premature rupture of membranes, pregnancy-induced hypertension, caesarean delivery, taking iron and multivitamin supplements, infant admission to hospital and postpartum use of contraception.