Unfortunately, the calculations necessary to determine geodetic positions from survey observations and get distances and
azimuths from them are lengthy, and practicing surveyors often are not familiar with these procedures. Clearly, a system for specifying positions of geodetic stations using plane rectangular coordinates is desirable, since it allows computations
to be made using simple coordinate geometry formulas, such as those presented in Chapter 11. The National Geodetic Survey (NGS) met this need by developing a state plane coordinate system for each state.