.1. Practical implications
The results of this study have practical implications for managers. First, our findings point to the fact that managers should not
just train supervisors (Graen, 1989) to increase the quality of their LMX relationships with subordinates or implement empowerment activities (Conger & Kanungo, 1988), but they need to do both but for different reasons. In terms of affective
variables Uob satisfaction and turnover intentions), we observed the most positive/least negative levels of these outcomes when
LMX relationship quality and empowerment were high. However, as long as empowerment was high, LMX relationship quality had
relatively minimal impact. Thus, the practical focus for managers should be on empowerment.