The sampled MSM with RP were at high risk of HIV/ STD transmission. A previous study showed that UAI with RP but not that with NRP predicted HIV seroconversion [12]. In this study, prevalence of UAI with RP was high (45.8%) and was comparable to that reported in a study conducted in Beijing in 2011 (49.7%) [45], while it was lower than that obtained from studies conducted in Argentina (58.0%) and Kazakhstan (69.0%) [35,46].