The energy metering system consists of Energy Meter chip, Microcontroller, Voltage and Current
controlling unit, Smart cart, Relay and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD).
· Energy Meter IC generally produces electrical pulses proportional to the power consumed by the consumer and
the power supply of microcontroller.
· Microcontroller calculates the energy consumed by the consumer utilizing the output of Energy Meter Chip
and programs loaded on the microcontroller.
· Voltage and Current controlling unit feeds the actual current and voltage of load connected to consumer side to
the energy meter chip.
· Smart Card interfaces with the microcontroller unit in which the number of units recharged by the consumer are
written.
· Relay mainly performs the opening and closing of a connection between energy meter and load through supply
mains depending upon the number of units present in the smart card at a moment.
· Liquid Crystal Display shows the energy consumption, number of unit recharged by the consumer, rest of the
unit and maximum demand.
The energy billing system is shown in figure 2. The energy billing system mainly consists of a user
operated PC, USB Burner circuit and Smart card.