4. สนทนาความชุกของการรบกวนการเหาในเมืองอรัญและ Bidgol ถูกประมาณ 0.47% ส่วนนี้เป็น 0.42% ในหญิงในขณะที่ค่าเป็น 0.05% ในเด็กชาย อย่างมีนัยสำคัญสูงกว่าสัดส่วนของหญิงพบจะรบกวนเมื่อเทียบกับเด็กผู้ชาย Pedicolusis capitis รบกวนถูกสังเกตในกลุ่มนักเรียนประถม และยังได้การรับรองผู้อื่น อัตราความชุกใน Khajeh, (จังหวัดอาเซอร์ไบจานตะวันออก) 4.8% และอัตราความชุกนี้เป็นนัยในหญิง (6.66%) มากกว่าในเด็กผู้ชาย (2%) [7] ในตาบริซ อัตราการรบกวนโดยรวมเป็น 3.64% และทั้งหมด infested cases were found among girls[14]. Such rate was 1.3% in Bahar (Hamadan Province) with 2.2% and 0.44% in girls and boys, respectively[15]. The general prevalence of head lice infestation in Hamadan was 6.85%. Head lice were much more common in girls than boys (girls: 13.5%; boys: 0.7%)[16]. The results of studies in other countries revealed similar findings about head lice among primary school students. The overall prevalence of head lice infestation in primary schools in Korea was 4.1%, 6.5% in girls and 1.9% in boys[17]. The prevalence of pediculosis capitis among primary school students in Buenos Aires, Argentina was 29.7%. Girls were statistically significant more infested than boys, with infestation rate of 36.1% and 26.7%, respectively[18]. In Turkey, 9.1% of the students in the study were infected to head lice. In this study, 16.4% of girls and 2.1% of boys had head lice infection[19]. In England, 2.03% of students are infested to head lice, and in urban areas of Paris 3.3% of primary schools children infested to head lice were identified[20,21]. Also, a study conducted in elementary schools in India reported a prevalence rate of 16.59% where the prevalence in girls was 20.42% in contrast to boys with 13.86%[22]. The prevalence rate of head louse in students in Yemen was 13.3%, and this rate for girls and boys were 18.9% and 8.6% respectively[23]. The prevalence of head louse infestation in all studies mentioned in Iran and other parts of the world approximately reported higher rate of infestation in girls than boys. The results of these studies were similar to our survey. Probably one of the main factors contributing to the higher rate of infestation in girls is the length of their hair. However, Service believes that the amount of head louse infestation dosen’t depend on the length of hair[24]. Special behaviors in girls such as close contact in a friendlier manner might have affected transmission rates of head lice infestation. But these behaviors are different from boys. Since the transmission of head lice occur through close contact, possibly children’s play and frequent contact of their head or use of scarves, hats, comb, hair brush and other accessories can transmit the head lice. In this study, no significant correlation between age and head lice infestation was observed. Such results were confirmed by a study conducted in Babol[25]. We also surveyed the prevalence of head lice infestation by father’s occupation. The prevalence of head lice infestation in students with father who is worker was significantly higher (P<0.05). In another study in Sanandaj, similar finding was reported. Children with educated father had lower rate of infestation[26]. On the contrary, no significant association between the father’s occupation and infestation was found in the Hamadan Province[27]. In this study, no significant correlation between the pedicolusis capitis infection rate and father’s education was found. However, a significant correlation between the mother’s education level and infestation rate was observed. Shayeghi et al. reported that there was no significant relationship between the parent’s education and infestation rate in Khajeh, East Azerbaijan Province[7]. Bayat et al. reported no significant relationship between head lice
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