(2) Surgical aspects: (a) Closed mitral valvotomy.
In general, the indications for closed mitral
valvotomy during pregnancy and the operative
mortality do not differ from those outside pregnancy
(Logan and Turner, I952; Szekely and Snaith, I963;
Ueland, I965; Snaith and Szekely, I967; Metcalfe,
I968; Turner, I968b; Metcalfe and Ueland, I970).
However, in certain cases operative treatment
appears to be more urgent than if the patient were
not pregnant, and in other cases operation should be
postponed until some time after delivery. As closed
mitral valvotomy carries today a low operative risk,
it should be carried out in the presence of pure
mitral stenosis if pulmonary congestion develops
with undue dyspnoea and there is no prompt response
to medical management. Operative treatment
should be considered during pregnancy when
a reliable history of pulmonary oedema can be
elicited, even if the patient is symptom free
at the time of assessment, because pulmonary
oedema is likely to recur. Profuse and uncontrollable
haemoptysis usually associated with pulmonary
hypertension and a severe degree of mitral stenosis
also requires urgent valvotomy. It should be again
emphasized that an anatomically moderate stenosis
can be transformed into a functionally severe one by
the haemodynamic changes of pregnancy.
(2) Surgical aspects: (a) Closed mitral valvotomy.In general, the indications for closed mitralvalvotomy during pregnancy and the operativemortality do not differ from those outside pregnancy(Logan and Turner, I952; Szekely and Snaith, I963;Ueland, I965; Snaith and Szekely, I967; Metcalfe,I968; Turner, I968b; Metcalfe and Ueland, I970).However, in certain cases operative treatmentappears to be more urgent than if the patient werenot pregnant, and in other cases operation should bepostponed until some time after delivery. As closedmitral valvotomy carries today a low operative risk,it should be carried out in the presence of puremitral stenosis if pulmonary congestion developswith undue dyspnoea and there is no prompt responseto medical management. Operative treatmentshould be considered during pregnancy whena reliable history of pulmonary oedema can beelicited, even if the patient is symptom freeat the time of assessment, because pulmonaryoedema is likely to recur. Profuse and uncontrollablehaemoptysis usually associated with pulmonaryhypertension and a severe degree of mitral stenosisalso requires urgent valvotomy. It should be againemphasized that an anatomically moderate stenosiscan be transformed into a functionally severe one bythe haemodynamic changes of pregnancy.
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