Effective implementation of MRAs with labour market access. ASEAN MRAs are now reinforced with the adoption of the Agreement on Movement of Natural Persons (MNP) which becomes an instrument for skilled labour mobility. Negotiating MRAs, however, is complicated by the wide diversity in education and licensing systems and standards and the different functional languages among ASEAN countries. Moreover, MRAs and the MNP Agreement can ensure labour market access and skills mobility only if ASEAN countries waive their constitutional and legal objections to the employment of foreigners.