Team Management
Japan, for example, is noted for team management at home, but has not consistently followed the same principle when operating on alien turf. The Sogo and Daimuru department store chains both encourage suggestions and practices such as quality circles in Japan, but not with their successful retail stores in Hongkong. In the United States, a study of 13 top executives working for Japanese firms found “no visible effort” to involve U.S. executives in the kind of “open communication and collaborative decision-making characteristic of the management culture in Japan.” In fact, many American managers felt “locked out” of decision making.