An overview of nanoclays or organically modified layered silicates (organoclays) is presented with
emphasis placed on the use of nanoclays as the reinforcement phase in polymer matrices for preparation of
polymer/layered silicates nanocomposites, rheological modifier for paints, inks and greases, drug delivery vehicle
for controlled release of therapeutic agents, and nanoclays for industrial waste water as well as potable water
treatment to make further step into green environment. A little amount of nanoclay can alter the entire properties
of polymers, paints, inks and greases to a great extent by dispersing 1nm thick layered silicate
throughout the matrices. The flexibility of interlayer spacing of layered silicates accommodates therapeutic
agents which can later on be released to damaged cell. Because the release of drugs in drug-intercalated layered
materials is controllable, these new materials have a great potential as a delivery host in the pharmaceutical
field. The problem of clean water can be solved by treating industrial and municipal waste water with organoclays
in combination with other sorbents like activated carbon and alum. Organoclays have proven to be superior
to any other water treatment technology in applications where the water to be treated contains
substantial amounts of oil and grease or humic acid.