For caries restoration, partial caries removal during cavity preparation has been suggested, which, according to research, appears to reduce the incidence of iatrogenic pulp exposure and therefore the risk of pain and infection. Simplified and modified atraumatic restorative treatment, a further development of atraumatic restorative treatment (one of the original MID methods of restoration) and a preventive method of restoration for primary teeth that entails partial caries removal and filling with encapsulated self-curing glass ionomer cement, has been proposed. This concept makes preventive restoration in preschool children, even by trained dental auxiliaries, possible. Moreover, effective use of self-care fluoride toothpaste during toothbrushing has been suggested for every age group, especially the correct minimal amount of toothpaste used in children to prevent both caries and fluorosis.