The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical utility of PAI and MMPI-2 validity indicators to detect
exaggeration of psychological symptoms. Participants were 49 (75.5% female) Australian university students
who completed the MMPI-2 and PAI under one of three conditions: Control [i.e., honest responding (n=20)],
Feign Post Traumatic Stress Disorder [PTSD (n=15)], or Feign Depression (n=14). Participants instructed to
feign depression or feign PTSD had significantly higher scores on the majority of MMPI-2 and PAI validity
indicators compared with controls.