Addition of various carbon materials into lead-acid battery electrodes was studied and examined in order
to enhance the power density, improve cycle life and stability of both negative and positive electrodes in
lead acid batteries.High electrical-conductivity, high-aspect ratio, good mechanical properties and chemical stability of
multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT, unmodified and mofified with carboxylic groups) position them
as viable additives to enhance the electrodes' electrical conductivity, to mitigate the well-known sulfation
failure mechanism and improve the physical integration of the electrodes.In this study, we investigated the incorporation-effect of carbon nanotubes (CNT) to the positive andthe negative active materials in lead-acid battery prototypes in a configuration of flooded cells, as well as
gelled cells. The cells were tested at 25% and 30% depth-of-discharge (DOD). The positive effect of the
carbon nanotubes (CNT) utilization as additives to both positive and negative electrodes of lead-acid
batteries was clearly demonstrated and is explained herein based on microscopic studies